Introduction
Ammonium hydroxide is a common household cleaning agent that is used for a variety of purposes. It is also known as ammonia water or simply ammonia. The boiling point of ammonium hydroxide is an important property that determines its effectiveness and safety in various applications. In this article, we will discuss everything you need to know about ammonium hydroxide boiling point.
What is Ammonium Hydroxide?
Ammonium hydroxide is a colorless liquid that has a pungent odor. It is a solution of ammonia gas in water and is commonly used as a cleaning agent, fertilizer, and in the manufacturing of various chemicals. The concentration of ammonium hydroxide determines its boiling point.
Boiling Point of Ammonium Hydroxide
The boiling point of ammonium hydroxide depends on its concentration. At room temperature, a 10% concentration of ammonium hydroxide has a boiling point of approximately 37.7 °C (100 °F), while a 25% concentration has a boiling point of approximately 52.7 °C (127 °F). A 28% concentration of ammonium hydroxide has a boiling point of approximately 59.5 °C (139.1 °F).
Factors Affecting Boiling Point
The boiling point of ammonium hydroxide is affected by several factors, including pressure, concentration, and impurities. The boiling point of ammonium hydroxide increases with increasing pressure. Higher concentrations of ammonium hydroxide have higher boiling points. Impurities in the solution can also affect the boiling point.
Applications of Ammonium Hydroxide
Ammonium hydroxide is used in a variety of applications, including cleaning agents, fertilizer, and in the manufacturing of various chemicals. It is commonly used in the food industry as a preservative and in the production of rubber, textiles, and paper. It is also used as a refrigerant gas and in the production of explosives.
Safety Considerations
Ammonium hydroxide can be dangerous if not handled properly. It can cause skin and eye irritation, and in high concentrations, it can be corrosive and cause burns. It is important to wear protective gloves, goggles, and clothing when handling ammonium hydroxide. Proper ventilation is also necessary to prevent inhalation of the fumes.
Conclusion
The boiling point of ammonium hydroxide is an important property that determines its effectiveness and safety in various applications. The concentration of ammonium hydroxide determines its boiling point, and it is affected by several factors, including pressure, concentration, and impurities. Ammonium hydroxide is a versatile chemical that is used in many industries, but it should be handled with care due to its potential hazards.
References:
- https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB1428837.htm
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691514000029
- https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/content/dam/sigma-aldrich/docs/Sigma-Aldrich/Product_Information_Sheet/1/248483pis.pdf