The Trump administration's portrayal of Venezuela's Tren de Aragua as a unified terrorist force operating inside the United States has been starkly contradicted by internal US government records. According to hundreds of documents obtained by WIRED, these records paint a far more nuanced and fragmented picture of the group.
While senior administration officials described TdA as a centrally directed terrorist network active across American cities, intelligence taskings, law-enforcement bulletins, and drug-task-force assessments reveal a lack of clarity on whether TdA even functions as an organized entity in the US. These documents repeatedly cite "intelligence gaps" in understanding how the group operates on US soil.
The records show that agencies struggled to determine whether TdA had identifiable leadership, whether its domestic activity reflected any coordination beyond small local crews, and whether US-based incidents pointed to foreign direction or were simply the work of autonomous, profit-driven criminals. The documents also highlight a wide gap between policy-level rhetoric and on-the-ground intelligence at the time.
In contrast to public claims that TdA is a highly structured terrorist organization with thousands of members operating in the US, internal assessments by Customs and Border Protection describe TdA as "a growing national security concern" primarily focused on exploitation of US-bound migration and various forms of organized retail theft.
The records also reveal that analysts relied on assumptions to estimate the number of TdA members who may have crossed into the US. This approach was used to inflate the figure from 83 known TdA members detected at the border, up to an estimated 3,000 members based on a single assumption about Venezuelan migrant ties.
These findings raise questions about the Trump administration's use of national security framing to justify law enforcement actions against individuals and organizations with alleged ties to TdA.
While senior administration officials described TdA as a centrally directed terrorist network active across American cities, intelligence taskings, law-enforcement bulletins, and drug-task-force assessments reveal a lack of clarity on whether TdA even functions as an organized entity in the US. These documents repeatedly cite "intelligence gaps" in understanding how the group operates on US soil.
The records show that agencies struggled to determine whether TdA had identifiable leadership, whether its domestic activity reflected any coordination beyond small local crews, and whether US-based incidents pointed to foreign direction or were simply the work of autonomous, profit-driven criminals. The documents also highlight a wide gap between policy-level rhetoric and on-the-ground intelligence at the time.
In contrast to public claims that TdA is a highly structured terrorist organization with thousands of members operating in the US, internal assessments by Customs and Border Protection describe TdA as "a growing national security concern" primarily focused on exploitation of US-bound migration and various forms of organized retail theft.
The records also reveal that analysts relied on assumptions to estimate the number of TdA members who may have crossed into the US. This approach was used to inflate the figure from 83 known TdA members detected at the border, up to an estimated 3,000 members based on a single assumption about Venezuelan migrant ties.
These findings raise questions about the Trump administration's use of national security framing to justify law enforcement actions against individuals and organizations with alleged ties to TdA.