Scientists in Germany have made significant breakthroughs in developing a nasal vaccine that can effectively combat COVID-19. The vaccine uses a live but weakened form of the coronavirus and has shown promising results in early experiments.
In hamster studies, two doses of the vaccine were found to block the virus from replicating in the animals' upper airways, achieving "sterilizing immunity" and preventing illness. This is a significant improvement over current vaccines, which have been shown to be effective but not as potent.
The nasal vaccine works by boosting mucosal immunity, specifically targeting the tissues that line the upper airways where the virus enters the body. It's an approach that has been tried before, with some success against other diseases like measles and rubella.
The German team's approach is based on manipulating the genetic material of the virus to make it harder for cells to translate, a technique called codon pair deoptimization. This makes the vaccine more effective at preventing the spread of infection.
While the results are encouraging, experts caution that the vaccine still has to pass further tests before it can be widely used. However, if successful, this could provide a new and effective way to combat COVID-19, particularly in the form of nasal vaccines.
Several other nasal vaccines for COVID-19 are currently in late-stage testing or have already been approved for use. These include ones developed by companies like RocketVax and Codagenix, which are also using live but weakened viruses to stimulate an immune response.
However, respiratory infections can be a challenging target for inhaled vaccines, and some experts worry about the potential risks of these types of vaccines, particularly for people with compromised immunity.
Overall, while there is still much work to be done, this breakthrough could represent a significant step forward in the development of new COVID-19 vaccines.
In hamster studies, two doses of the vaccine were found to block the virus from replicating in the animals' upper airways, achieving "sterilizing immunity" and preventing illness. This is a significant improvement over current vaccines, which have been shown to be effective but not as potent.
The nasal vaccine works by boosting mucosal immunity, specifically targeting the tissues that line the upper airways where the virus enters the body. It's an approach that has been tried before, with some success against other diseases like measles and rubella.
The German team's approach is based on manipulating the genetic material of the virus to make it harder for cells to translate, a technique called codon pair deoptimization. This makes the vaccine more effective at preventing the spread of infection.
While the results are encouraging, experts caution that the vaccine still has to pass further tests before it can be widely used. However, if successful, this could provide a new and effective way to combat COVID-19, particularly in the form of nasal vaccines.
Several other nasal vaccines for COVID-19 are currently in late-stage testing or have already been approved for use. These include ones developed by companies like RocketVax and Codagenix, which are also using live but weakened viruses to stimulate an immune response.
However, respiratory infections can be a challenging target for inhaled vaccines, and some experts worry about the potential risks of these types of vaccines, particularly for people with compromised immunity.
Overall, while there is still much work to be done, this breakthrough could represent a significant step forward in the development of new COVID-19 vaccines.