Life as a Food Delivery Worker: Invisible and Exploited
In the UK, thousands of migrant workers are struggling to make ends meet in the food delivery industry. Despite their long hours and low pay, many riders feel invisible and exploited by platforms like Deliveroo, Uber Eats, and Just Eat.
The reality is stark for these workers. Many have had to turn to multiple jobs just to survive, including cleaning toilets to supplement their meager income from delivering food. The low earnings mean that riders often have to choose between eating or putting money aside, leaving them feeling constantly anxious about how they will pay the bills.
"Sometimes men open the door naked," says Marina, a Brazilian woman who juggles two jobs to support her 12- and 18-year-old daughters. "One man I delivered food to tried to pull me inside his house. Another slapped me across the face in the street."
These incidents are not isolated, with many riders reporting similar experiences of harassment and assault from customers. The trauma is taking a toll on their mental health, with some feeling like they have been "deleted" as humans from the business model.
"It's a very modern kind of slavery," says Mohammed, a Syrian refugee who works as a Deliveroo rider. "The slave driver is the app that sends us our orders."
Working conditions are harsh, with riders facing long hours, rain-soaked streets, and poor visibility, which increases the risk of accidents. The platforms claim to care about safety, but many riders feel that their concerns are ignored.
"We offer a flexible way for thousands of couriers to earn while being able to choose when, where, and for how long they work," says Uber Eats. But this flexibility comes at a cost, with riders often forced to take on multiple orders just to make ends meet.
Ahmed, a Turkish migrant who works as a delivery rider, echoes Marina's sentiments. "For a single person renting one room it is just about possible to survive on delivery rider income," he says. "But I don't see anyone who has a family being able to afford to rent a flat on this money."
The exploitation of migrant workers in the food delivery industry is not unique to these platforms, however. A recent study by researchers at Birmingham University found that the UK's food delivery sector is a "testing ground" for a new model of migration governance.
"The UK food delivery sector has become a 'testing ground' for a new model of migration governance," says Professor Nando Sigona. "This work is advertised as 'flexible' and 'empowering', but in reality, it fuses work automatisation, digital surveillance, and immigration enforcement."
As the situation continues to deteriorate, unions are stepping in to fight for better working conditions and rights for delivery riders. The GMB has a voluntary agreement with Deliveroo, which guarantees that riders will be paid at least the national minimum wage plus costs for their time on an order.
For now, many riders like Marina are forced to continue juggling multiple jobs just to survive. But they refuse to be ignored or erased from the business model. "We are human beings and we are doing hard, honest work," says Marina. "My older daughter has started college and is studying health and social care. I hope that by supporting my kids with my food delivery riding, I can help them break the cycle of poverty and ensure they won't have to do this work."
In the UK, thousands of migrant workers are struggling to make ends meet in the food delivery industry. Despite their long hours and low pay, many riders feel invisible and exploited by platforms like Deliveroo, Uber Eats, and Just Eat.
The reality is stark for these workers. Many have had to turn to multiple jobs just to survive, including cleaning toilets to supplement their meager income from delivering food. The low earnings mean that riders often have to choose between eating or putting money aside, leaving them feeling constantly anxious about how they will pay the bills.
"Sometimes men open the door naked," says Marina, a Brazilian woman who juggles two jobs to support her 12- and 18-year-old daughters. "One man I delivered food to tried to pull me inside his house. Another slapped me across the face in the street."
These incidents are not isolated, with many riders reporting similar experiences of harassment and assault from customers. The trauma is taking a toll on their mental health, with some feeling like they have been "deleted" as humans from the business model.
"It's a very modern kind of slavery," says Mohammed, a Syrian refugee who works as a Deliveroo rider. "The slave driver is the app that sends us our orders."
Working conditions are harsh, with riders facing long hours, rain-soaked streets, and poor visibility, which increases the risk of accidents. The platforms claim to care about safety, but many riders feel that their concerns are ignored.
"We offer a flexible way for thousands of couriers to earn while being able to choose when, where, and for how long they work," says Uber Eats. But this flexibility comes at a cost, with riders often forced to take on multiple orders just to make ends meet.
Ahmed, a Turkish migrant who works as a delivery rider, echoes Marina's sentiments. "For a single person renting one room it is just about possible to survive on delivery rider income," he says. "But I don't see anyone who has a family being able to afford to rent a flat on this money."
The exploitation of migrant workers in the food delivery industry is not unique to these platforms, however. A recent study by researchers at Birmingham University found that the UK's food delivery sector is a "testing ground" for a new model of migration governance.
"The UK food delivery sector has become a 'testing ground' for a new model of migration governance," says Professor Nando Sigona. "This work is advertised as 'flexible' and 'empowering', but in reality, it fuses work automatisation, digital surveillance, and immigration enforcement."
As the situation continues to deteriorate, unions are stepping in to fight for better working conditions and rights for delivery riders. The GMB has a voluntary agreement with Deliveroo, which guarantees that riders will be paid at least the national minimum wage plus costs for their time on an order.
For now, many riders like Marina are forced to continue juggling multiple jobs just to survive. But they refuse to be ignored or erased from the business model. "We are human beings and we are doing hard, honest work," says Marina. "My older daughter has started college and is studying health and social care. I hope that by supporting my kids with my food delivery riding, I can help them break the cycle of poverty and ensure they won't have to do this work."